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\(\displaystyle\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{2^{-n}}{n(n+1)}\sum_{k=1}^{n}C_{n}^{k}・k^2\)
解:
\[\displaystyle\because(1+x)^n=\sum_{k=0}^{n}C_{n}^{k}・x^k\]
\(\displaystyle\therefore\) 对二项式\(\displaystyle(1+x)^n=\sum_{k=0}^{n}C_{n}^{k}・x^k\)两边求导:
\[\displaystyle n(1+x)^{n-1}=\sum_{k=0}^{n}C_{n}^{k}・kx^{k-1}\]
两边同时乘以\(x\):
\(\displaystyle nx(1+x)^{n-1}=\sum_{k=1}^{n}C_{n}^{k}・kx^k\)
两边再次求导:
\[\displaystyle n(1+x)^{n-1}+nx(n-1)(1+x)^{n-2}=\sum_{k=1}^{n}C_{n}^{k}・k^2x^{k-1}\]
令\(x=1\):
\[\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{n}C_{n}^{k}・k^2=n(n+2)・2^{n-2}\]
\(\therefore\) \(\displaystyle\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{2^{-n}}{n(n+1)}\sum_{k=1}^{n}C_{n}^{k}・k^2=\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{2^{-n}}{n(n+1)}n(n+2)2^{n-2}=\frac{1}{4}\)